Module 11 – Les études
Troisième partie: En Guyane, la grammaire
In this section:
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irregular -re: vivre
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irregular futur: avoir
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irregular futur: verbs with spelling changes
vivre – to live
| vivre ‘to live, to be alive’ | |
| je vis | nous vivons |
| tu vis | vous vivez |
| il/elle/iel/on vit | ils/elles/iels vivent |
| past participle : vécu | |
You may have seen the expression Vive … (as in Vive la France !, Long live France!) and the noun la vie (life). Vivre means ‘to be alive,’ as well as ‘to live,’ in contrast to the verb habiter which refers only to where one lives, one’s place of residence.
irregular futur: avoir
| avoir ‘to have’ | |
| j’aurai, I will have | nous aurons, we will have |
| tu auras, you will have | vous aurez, you will have |
| il/elle/iel/on aura, he, she (it) / one will have | ils/elles/iels auront, they will have |
The future stem for the verb avoir is aur-. The future endings are the same for all verbs: -ai, -as, -a, -ons, -ez, -ont.
The simple future is used to refer to future events, that is, to make predictions. It is more formal than the immediate future, although both tenses may be used in most contexts. For further details, see future: usage.
irregular futur: verbs with spelling changes
Verbs with spelling changes like appeler, employer, and acheter add -r to the present tense je form to create their future stems:
| present tense | stem | future | translation |
| j’appelle | appeller- | j’appellerai | I will call |
| j’emploie | emploier- | j’emploierai | I will use |
| j’achète | achèter- | j’achèterai | I will buy |
Other -er verbs with spelling changes including préférer, manger, and commencer have regular future stems.
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